Common Problems That Affect the Cornea

At Schwartz Laser Eye Center, our eye doctors focus on providing exceptional eye care to address a wide range of vision concerns, including corneal conditions. The cornea, the clear outer layer of the eye, plays a critical role in protecting the eye and helping to focus light for sharp, clear vision. When the cornea is damaged or affected by certain conditions, it can impact daily life and overall eye health. Below, we share some of the most common corneal problems and their symptoms:

Corneal Abrasions

Corneal abrasions are scratches on the surface of the cornea, often caused by contact with dust, sand, fingernails, or contact lenses. Even small abrasions can cause significant discomfort, redness, tearing, and light sensitivity. Although minor abrasions typically heal on their own, it’s important to have them evaluated to avoid potential infections or complications.

Keratoconus

Keratoconus is a progressive condition in which the cornea thins and begins to bulge into a cone-like shape. This abnormal curvature causes distorted or blurred vision and may lead to increased sensitivity to light. Early keratoconus can often be managed with glasses or specialty contact lenses, but as the condition progresses, advanced treatments such as corneal cross-linking or corneal transplants may be needed.

Dry Eye Syndrome

Dry eye syndrome occurs when the eyes do not produce enough tears or when tears evaporate too quickly, leading to dryness, irritation, and discomfort. Over time, insufficient lubrication can inflame the corneal surface, causing redness and a gritty sensation. While artificial tears are often the first step, advanced treatments can provide long-term relief by restoring tear production and balance.

Corneal Infections

Corneal infections, or keratitis, are caused by bacteria, fungi, or viruses and often occur due to improper contact lens hygiene, injuries, or weakened immune systems. Symptoms include pain, blurred vision, and discharge. Timely treatment is essential to prevent scarring or permanent vision loss. Corneal infections can often be managed with medicated drops, though more severe cases may require additional intervention.

Corneal Dystrophies

Corneal dystrophies are inherited conditions that cause the cornea to develop cloudy areas, leading to visual disturbances. Fuchs’ dystrophy, for example, affects the corneal endothelium, while other forms may create deposits that impair clarity. Symptoms may develop gradually over time, and while some patients experience minimal effects, others may need treatments like corneal transplantation to restore vision.

Corneal Scars

Scarring on the cornea can result from infections, injuries, or chronic inflammation. Depending on the size and location, scars may interfere with light entering the eye, leading to blurred vision. Treatments like laser therapy or corneal surgery can improve visual clarity for patients affected by significant scarring.

Preserving Corneal Health

The health of the cornea is essential for clear, comfortable vision. At Schwartz Laser Eye Center, our knowledgeable and skilled team of eye doctors offers advanced diagnostics and treatment options to address a variety of corneal conditions. This ensures that patients in Scottsdale, Glendale, and Mesa, AZ receive the care they need to protect their vision. If you notice changes in your vision, eye discomfort, or signs of corneal issues, scheduling a comprehensive eye exam is a proactive step toward maintaining long-term eye health. Call (480) 483-3937.